Identification Of Risk Factors Affecting Sugar Distribution Efficiency At Pt. Xyz Using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)

Abstract

Distribution efficiency is a critical element in sugar supply chain management, but PT XYZ experienced a 62% increase in distribution risk cases from 2023 to 2025, with financial losses reaching IDR 92 million. This study aims to identify and categorize risk factors that affect sugar distribution efficiency using the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) method. A quantitative approach was used with data collection through questionnaires distributed to 60 respondents directly involved in distribution operations at PT XYZ, Lampung Province. The analysis used EFA with Principal Axis Factoring extraction and Varimax rotation, supported by JASP software. Although the KMO value was marginal (0.491), the data proved to be suitable for analysis, supported by a significant Bartlett's Test (χ² = 507.988, p < 0.001) and a good model fit (χ² = 197.411, p = 0.253). Five main factors were successfully extracted, explaining 40.5% of the total variance, namely Technical and Environmental Risk with Information Response (10.5% variance), Distribution Efficiency (8.2% variance), Operational Risk (7.7% variance), Human Resource Technical Competence and Compliance (7.2% variance), and Human Resource Interpersonal Competence (6.9% variance). The most significant findings show that teamwork skills (SDM5) have the highest factor loading (0.972), followed by administrative readiness (RO4, 0.843), and SOP compliance (SDM1, 0.834). Distribution efficiency at PT XYZ is largely determined by human factors, particularly the ability of employees to collaborate effectively in cross-functional teams, followed by an organized operational system and procedural discipline. The information system functions as an enabler rather than an independent risk factor. These findings provide practical insights for management to prioritize team development programs, operational system optimization, and procedural compliance strengthening to improve distribution efficiency.